1.1 Software Products

                (1) Generic products
                (2) Bespoke(customized) products
 1. Introduction
  1.2 The Software Products
        -. Four Fundamental process activities
                (1) Software specification.
                (2) Software development.
                (3) Software validation.
                (4) Software evolution.
        -. General models(or paradigms) of software development
                (1) The waterfall approach
                      The principal stages of the model map :
                         a. Requirments analysis and definition.
                         b. System and software design.
                         c, Implementation and unit testing.
                         d. Integration and system testing.
                         e. Operation and maintenance.
                (2) Evolutionary development
                      Twp types of evolutionary development :
                         a. Exploratory programming.
                         b. Throw-away prototyping.
                      Problems :
                         a. The process is not visible.
                         b. Systems are usually poorly structured.
                         c. Special skills are oftem required.
                (3) Formal transformation
                (4) System assembly from reuable components

  1.3 Boehm's spiral model
        Each loop in the spiral is split into four sectors :
                (1) Objective setting.
                (2) Risk assessment and reduction.
                (3) Development and validation.
                (4) Planning.

  1.4 Process Visibility
        Regular document production has some drawbacks :
                (1) Management needs regular deliverable to access project progress.
                (2) The need to approve documents constrains process iteration.
                (3) The time required to review and approve a document is significant.

  1.5 Professional responsibility
        There are areas where standareds of acceptable behaviour are not bounded by laws
      but by the more tenuous notion of progessional responsibility :
                (1) Confidentiality.
                (2) Competence.
                (3) Intellectual property rights.
                (4) Computer misuse.